Our results highlight the genetic diversity of MDR ESBL-producing K.

Despite carrying virulence genes, none had hypervirulence genes. Nine isolates had the colistin-resistant R256G substitution in the pmrB efflux pump gene without displaying reduced susceptibility to colistin. ARG for aminoglycosides, quinolones, phenicols, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin were widely distributed among the isolates. The bla CTX-M-15 gene was the most common β-lactamase gene among K. AMR was widespread against β-lactamases (including third and fourth-generation cephalosporins, but not carbapenems), aminoglycosides, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin, and cotrimoxazole. pneumoniae isolates displayed a high genetic variability with up to 16 sequence types (ST). These isolates were compared to sub-Saharan counterparts. The assembled genomes were analysed for phylogeny, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) determinants. pneumoniae isolates displaying MDR and ESBL-producing phenotype. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out on 37 K. pneumoniae associated with infections at a tertiary hospital in South-Kivu province, DRC. This study aimed to characterize the resistance and virulence profiles of extra-intestinal MDR ESBL-producing K.

pneumoniae are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing extra-intestinal K.

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